Glossary
A
- acids: produce H+ ions, proton donors, and electron pair acceptors
- alkalis: bases that dissolve in water *note that all alkalis are bases*
B
- bases: produce OH- ions, proton acceptors, and electron pair donors
- bases (in relation to alkalis): bases that do not dissolve in water *note that not all bases are alkalis*
- buffer: a solution which is resistant to changes in pH
C
- conjugate acid: substance created after a base receives a proton (H+)
- conjugate base: substance left over after an acid loses it’s proton (H+)
- concentration: the amount of the acid or base per unit volume (liter)
E
- exact titration: trying to measure the exact amount of how much acid is needed in order to neutralize the base, or how much base is needed in order to neutralize the acid
I
- indicators: determines whether a solution is an acid or a base by turning a different color if there is a change in the pH
M
- Molarity (M): the molar concentration of a solution, expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
R
- rough titration: only trying to gain a sense of how much acid is needed in order to neutralize the base, or how much base is needed in order to neutralize the acid
S
- strength of an acid: dependent on the concentration of hydrogen ions, the ability of the acid to lose hydrogen ions, and therefore it’s also able to lose it’s concentration of hydrogen ions (a strong acid dissociates completely to form hydrogen ions and a weak acid dissociates partially to form hydrogen acid)
- strength of a base: dependent on the concentration of hydroxide ions, and the ability of the base to lose hydroxide ions, meaning it’s also able to lose it’s concentration of hydroxide ions (a strong base dissociates completely to form hydroxide ions and a weak base dissociates partially to form hydroxide base)
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